The importance of various vitamins

Generally Speaking, Vitamins are life-sustaining substances. They are a type of organic substances necessary to maintain human life and are also important active substances to maintain human health.

The various vitamins related to our health

1. Vitamin A

Vitamin A is retinol, which is a fat-soluble vitamin. It plays an important role in vision, growth, reproduction, and bone development. Vitamin A can maintain the normal growth, differentiation, proliferation and keratinization of epithelial cells, and enhance resistance to diseases.

Lack of vitamins can cause dryness and roughness to the skin, keratotic papules with conical hair follicles on the extended limbs, night blindness, and dry and soft cornea. Because natural vitamin a only exists in animal foods, animal liver, egg yolk, and liver oil have the highest content, followed by some red and yellow green leafy vegetables and fruits, such as apricots, mangoes and persimmons.

2. Vitamin D

Vitamin is also a fat-soluble vitamin, which is a derivative of steroids. It has anti-rickets effect in physiology, so it is also called anti-rickets vitamin. When vitamin D is lacking, adults are prone to osteomalacia, and children are prone to rickets. General foods are not rich in vitamin D. Foods with higher content include marine fish, eggs and fish oil from marine fish, and in the liver. However, too much vitamin D supplementation can cause poisoning, manifested as thirst, eye inflammation, skin itching and so on.

3. Vitamin E

Vitamins are also called tocopherols and are also fat-soluble vitamins. Its best source is vegetable oils (such as corn oil, soybean oil, safflower oil). Wheat germ and nuts also contain large amounts of tocopherols. In addition to the physiological functions of vitamin e related to reproductive function, it is also a high-efficiency antioxidant for the skin, which improves immune response, prevents aging, improves skin elasticity, and reduces gonadal atrophy. Vitamin E Chinese people have sufficient supply of vitamin E in their diet. There is a considerable amount of vitamin E in adult tissues. Vitamin E deficiency rarely occurs. However, if there is a long-term severe vitamin E deficiency, total blindness, dementia and arrhythmia can occur.

4. Vitamin K

Vitamin K, also known as coagulation vitamin, promotes blood coagulation. Mainly derived from green vegetables and some oils (such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil), the human body needs very little vitamin K, but it is essential for maintaining the normal coagulation of blood function and reducing heavy bleeding during the menstrual period. It can also prevent internal bleeding and hemorrhoids. People with frequent nosebleeds should take vitamin K from natural foods.

5. Vitamin B1

Vitamin b1 is also known as thiamine or anti-neuritis vitamin or anti-beriberi vitamin. Coarse grains, beans, peanuts, lean pork, liver, kidney, heart, and yeast are rich in vitamin b1. Vitamin b1 can protect the nervous system, promote gastrointestinal motility and increase appetite. Vitamin b1 deficiency, also known as beriberi, is a disease characterized by anorexia, weakness, constipation, symmetrical progressive polyneuritis, myocardial insufficiency, edema and muscle weakness.

6. Vitamin B2

Vitamin b2, also called riboflavin, is involved in biological oxidation and energy metabolism in the body. Also has antioxidant activity. Riboflavin is found in animal and plant foods, such as milk, eggs, various meats, cereals, root vegetables and fruits. The reasons for riboflavin deficiency include insufficient supply, such as eating polished white rice, skipping rice soup and vegetable soup, not giving milk products to babies after weaning, changing dietary habits, improper cooking, etc.; riboflavin deficiency is caused by the body’s nuclear The syndrome of scrotum, glossitis, cheilitis and angular cheilitis occurs due to lack of flavin.

7. Vitamin B6

Vitamin b6, also known as pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin. Vitamin b6 is a component of certain coenzymes in the human body and participates in a variety of metabolic reactions, especially closely related to amino acid metabolism. Vitamin b6 is an indispensable nutrient for the human body. It is good for improving immunity and preventing skin cancer and bladder cancer. It is also used to treat skin diseases, such as acne, rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, wrinkle skin disease, etc. Vitamin b6 comes from animal liver, meat, whole grains, green leafy vegetables, soybeans, mushrooms, garlic, and some fish. Its deficiency can cause skin and nerve pathological changes.

8. Vitamin B12

Vitamin b12 (cobalamin), the only vitamin containing metal elements, has important physiological functions. There are two main reasons: as a cofactor of methyltransferase, it participates in the synthesis of protein and amino acids in the body, ensuring the normal development of infants and young children. In addition, it also protects the transfer and storage of folic acid in cells, and is an indispensable vitamin for the healthy function of the nervous system. Vitamin b12 exists in animal food, and its rich sources are in turn, animal offal, shellfish and molluscs, fat-free milk powder, seafood and egg yolks. Lack of vitamin b12 in the body can cause anemia, nervous system and skin and mucosal diseases.

9. Vitamin C

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin. It is widely found in fresh fruits and vegetables. The human body cannot synthesize vitamin C and is supplied by external sources. Vitamins can promote the maturation of connective tissue and the formation of collagen, which play an important role in maintaining the normal function of teeth, bones, muscles and blood vessels; it can also promote wound healing and increase resistance to diseases; it can also promote the decomposition of histamine, so it has It has a certain anti-allergic effect; it can also strengthen the absorption of iron and the metabolism of folic acid, which is of certain value for the prevention and treatment of nutritional anemia. Scurvy is a vitamin C deficiency disease. It is a nutritional deficiency caused by a long-term lack of vitamin C. It is a disease characterized by hyperkeratosis of the hair follicle, gingivitis and bleeding of the skin and mucous membranes.

10. Folic acid

Folic acid, also called vitamin b9, is a water-soluble vitamin. It has the effect of promoting the maturation of young cells in the bone marrow. The lack of folic acid in humans can cause megaloblastic anemia and leukopenia, which is especially important for pregnant women. Folic acid deficiency produces related metabolic disorders, megaloblastic anemia, scaly papules and plaques on the skin, face, trunk, and extremities, and a series of clinical symptoms such as seborrheic dermatitis-like changes can be seen. Orange juice, dark green leafy vegetables, asparagus, strawberries, bananas and beans (haricot beans and lentils) are rich in natural folic acid. It is also rich in liver, kidney, yeast and wheat germ.

11. Niacin

Niacin is also known as vitamin b3, also known as niacin, an anti-dermatosis factor. It is one of the 13 essential vitamins for the human body. It is a water-soluble vitamin and belongs to the vitamin B family. Niacin has a strong effect of dilating peripheral blood vessels and is clinically used to treat headaches, migraines, tinnitus, and inner ear vertigo. Niacin is a vitamin drug, collectively referred to as vitamin pp with niacinamide, used to fight pellagra, and can also be used as a blood dilator. If it is lacking, pellagra can occur, which is characterized by dermatitis, glossitis, enteritis, mental disorders and peripheral neuritis.

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